Causes of diabetic coma
Posted on September 25, 2009
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Diabetes is associated with various complications occur, which are particularly vigilant diabetes coma. Diabetic coma is the most important acute complication of diabetes on the nervous system, greatly influenced, if not timely life-saving treatment, coma can not be more than 6 hours will result in recovery of brain tissue damage and even death.
Diabetic patients should first determine which type of coma caused by the past. Are generally two kinds of diseases: one with low blood sugar, generally occurs in fasting or use of hypoglycemic drug overdose cases, the most important identification to see the skin moist, sweating, the patient will be prior to the onset palpitations, hunger. At this time we can give added glucose, when the blood sugar, the symptoms will naturally turn for the better; second ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar coma, usually occurs in a sudden hypoglycemic agents, when disabled, when dry skin, respiratory with one taste, that is, rotten apple, when the patient sent to the hospital as soon as possible, to complement the water and electrolytes, insulin, the disease mortality rate is very high.
There are several reasons for diabetic coma which do
A low blood sugar coma if blood sugar is lower than 3 mmol / l referred to as low blood sugar, severe low blood sugar coma will occur. Diabetes, low blood sugar coma common causes include: excessive insulin or oral hypoglycemic medicinal use excessive eating less; increased physical activity, but no corresponding increase in food intake. Prior to the occurrence of low blood sugar coma, the patient often felt flustered dizziness, hunger, trembling, cold sweats and so on, then immediately can disguise their consumption of sweets, or the further development of disease, there will be irritability, seizures, mental disorders, gradually into a coma. Low blood sugar due to diabetic coma is most common, so diabetic patients should carry cards with not fresh candy and diabetes, once the symptoms of hypoglycemia can be a timely aid self-help, and by others. Ketoacidosis, coma is a severe acute complication of diabetes, one of the reasons for its occurrence are:
1. Diabetic patients disabled or reduction of insulin too fast, or exacerbations;
2. A variety of acute and chronic infections;
3. Stress such as trauma, surgery, childbirth, pregnancy, acute myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, etc.;
4. Eating disorders, eating too much or too little, excessive drinking and so on. Its early symptoms, mostly fatigue, weakness, thirst, polydipsia and polyuria, and weight loss, while there is the further development of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and a flustered shortness of breath. Acidosis dizzy from time to time add to sleepiness, irritability, followed by a gradual sense of vague, unresponsive and fell into a coma. At this point breathing in patients with deep and large, breath can be smelled the odor like rotten apples. The event of the above should be immediately sent to hospital, otherwise, can jeopardize the patient’s life.
Non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma coma more common over 60 years that the elderly diabetic patients. With severe dehydration, high blood glucose, high plasma osmotic pressure and neuropsychiatric symptoms as the main clinical manifestations. The incidence was not high, but serious condition, high mortality, the importance of early recognition, early treatment.
Caused by non-ketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma common incentives are:
1. Serious infections; 2. Acute gastrointestinal disease; 3. Overeat; 4. Large-scale importation of glucose; 5. Acute pancreatitis, acute myocardial infarction, renal dysfunction and blood sugar levels and dehydration caused by taking drugs, etc. .
Diabetic coma, the other two cases there is something called high blood sugar coma, the other is called low blood sugar coma.
Diabetic coma, you may have two cases: one to make because of the treatment medication is not enough or the patient is also suffering from other diseases, so that blood sugar coma caused by a sharp increase, called high blood sugar coma, diabetic ketoacidosis, such as when the caused by the hyperosmolar coma, etc.; 2 diabetes is due to the process of excessive use of hypoglycemic agents, such as the use of insulin overdose coma occurs, also known as low blood sugar coma.
Two kinds of unconscious identification, simple terms is a low blood sugar coma common muscle relaxants, the temperature drops and the smooth breathing, skin moisture, breathing without special odor; and high blood sugar coma patient, then see the deep and rapid breathing, thirst, dry skin and lips, exhaled gases are sweet like “apple” smell. In short, both the final diagnosis should rely on laboratory tests.
This lactic acidosis coma coma coma is relatively rare for more than three kinds, but it can not be ignored, it mostly occurs in a liver and kidney dysfunction in elderly diabetic patients, often due to taking too much of the biguanide hypoglycemic agents inhibited the muscle lactate oxidation, while inhibiting the liver gluconeogenesis role in enabling the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood, which results in too many patients in a coma. For the prevention of lactic acidosis occurred coma, diabetic patients must strictly under the guidance of a doctor taking the biguanide hypoglycemic agents.
Thus, diabetic patients with coma caused by many reasons, not the same treatment measures. Therefore, we must actively prevention. Diabetes occurs when the patient’s coma, his family and doctors must be actively looking for incentives to identify the reasons, in order to facilitate timely and correct processing.
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