Do not let diabetes “hurt” your kidney
Posted on November 23, 2009
Filed Under Nephropathy | Leave a Comment
The scariest aspect of diabetes, its complications
Is well known, acute complications, severity of the improper handling can cause the patient died; chronic complications are more subtle, early symptoms of obvious, the patient easily overlooked, late deals is extremely difficult, and even the doctors were helpless. Diabetic nephropathy is one such chronic complications of diabetes.
We can say that diabetic nephropathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes, one of the most serious. Overseas data indicate that, due to diabetic nephropathy caused by renal failure than non-diabetics was 17 times higher, diabetes, diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of death caused by one. Our data confirm that diabetic patients have diabetic nephropathy accounts for 1 / 3 or more, renal insufficiency up to 6.5%, which reached 1.2% in uremic stage. Diabetic nephropathy can be seen great harm.
What is Diabetic Nephropathy
This begins with talking about the construction of the kidney. Structure is the most basic function of the kidney nephron, everyone together, a total one million nephrons. Nephron by glomerular capsule, glomerular and tubular composition of the glomerular mesangial area between. The main pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy is glomerular sclerosis, renal arteriolar hyalinization, basement membrane thickening, glomerular mesangial expansion between. Clinical diabetic nephropathy often lighter to heavier will be divided into five, the first phase is mainly compensatory hyperfunction of kidney function, kidney has no pathological changes, and some patients with kidney volume increased. Took place during the second phase of renal histological changes, but at this time there is little positive laboratory tests found, that also can not find any problems, the patient has no feeling, only a small number of patients sometimes high blood pressure. Starting from the third phase, the patient has not clinically normal, urine protein appeared, and blood pressure began to increase, this stage is a critical test results in urine albumin excretion rate has been higher than 20 micrograms / min in clinical practice is usually this period of early kidney disease called nephropathy. Early diabetic nephropathy is kidney disease the last chance to be fully restored, and then forward the development of diabetic nephropathy can not be completely disappeared. If the urinary albumin excretion rate more than 200 micrograms / min, his condition into the fourth, fourth, also known as clinical nephrology, whose main characteristic is that a large number of proteins in urine, blood pressure, while continuing to pursue increased. To the fifth, diabetes, kidney disease has entered a late stage, we are often referred to as terminal kidney disease. At this point the patient due to renal insufficiency, the blood of waste, such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen also began to increase, in which elevated levels of serum creatinine over 2 mg / l is a diagnosis of terminal kidney disease indicators, terminal kidney disease patients are often accompanied by significant high blood pressure and swelling. According to serum creatinine levels, we have terminal kidney disease is divided into three stages, serum creatinine higher than 2 mg / dl is called renal insufficiency, serum creatinine above 5 mg / dl is called renal failure, if the serum creatinine of more than 8 mg / dl, we can say that the patient has already taken place in uremia.
As noted above, diabetic nephropathy is a gradual process of development, once a relatively clear clinical manifestations, and diabetic nephropathy had been difficult to cure the.
How to control diabetic nephropathy
First, the good blood sugar control. In 1993, the United States and Canada jointly published their academics euphemized diabetes control and complications trial research results, the experiment lasted for 10 years at a cost of 100 million U.S. dollars, the study is patients with type 1 diabetes. In 1998, British scholars published their euphemized United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study research results, the experiment lasted for 20 years, primarily for patients with type 2 diabetes. Significant in these two studies, they found that either type 1 or type 2 diabetes patients control blood glucose level of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy with the occurrence and development are extremely important implications. Good blood glucose control can make the incidence of type 1 diabetic nephropathy rates fall by half, so that type 2 diabetic nephropathy reduced the incidence of 1 / 3. Patients who have developed to the early stages of kidney disease, in order to better control the disease, but also does not affect kidney function, should be actively mobilize them to accept insulin therapy.
Second, control blood pressure. Diabetic nephropathy with hypertension is to increase a very important factor, so patients should be eating light, eat less salt, have high blood pressure who would not hesitate to insist on the use of antihypertensive drugs, blood pressure remained at normal levels.
Thirdly, patients should be right at the appropriate time limit protein intake. Diabetic kidney disease patients is lost every day from a large number of proteins in urine, it is necessary to add the right amount of protein, especially high-quality animal protein. But by the late diabetic nephropathy, a large number of protein intake makes the blood protein metabolites, such as creatinine and urea nitrogen increased, the patient harm. Therefore, patients with advanced kidney disease must be properly restricted intake of protein, especially to limit the lower quality of vegetable protein intake.
Fourth, to avoid urinary tract infection. Recurrent urinary tract infection may accelerate the progress of diabetic nephropathy.
Fifth, the control of uremia. When kidney disease has developed to a stage of uremia, in addition to the above mentioned, is also the need for peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, in order to discharge the waste in the blood in vitro, if the conditions and possibilities for kidney transplant patients with renal function is to be the only way to restore. By the way, Chinese medicine the treatment of kidney disease has a wealth of experience, can benefit from people and giving of treatment, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diabetic nephropathy have greater significance.
In summary, diabetic nephropathy harm is great, but as long as taking the necessary precautions to avoid the majority of diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, even with diabetic nephropathy, it can be confined entirely within the scope of a very light, but does not cause serious consequences.
Diabetes, she has, please act now for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy efforts!
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